1. Weather-stripping of Windows and Doors : Minimize exfiltration of cool air and infiltration of warm air through leaky windows and doors by incorporating effective means of weather stripping
2. Stripping. Self-closing doors should also be provided where heavy traffic of people is anticipated.
3. Temperature and Humidity Setting: Ensure human comfort by setting the temperature to between 23oC and 25oC and the relative humidity between 55% to 65%.
4. Chilled Water Leaving Temperature: Ensure higher chiller energy efficiency by maintaining the chilled water leaving temperature at or above 7o C. As a rule of thumb, the efficiency of a centrifugal chiller increases by about 2¼ % for every 1o C rise in the chilled water leaving temperature.
5. Chilled Water Pipes and Air Ducts: Ensure that the insulation of the chilled water pipes and ducting system is maintained in good condition. This helps to prevent heat gain from the surroundings.
6. Chiller Condenser Tubes: Ensure that mechanical cleaning of the tubes is carried out at least once every six months. Fouling in the condenser tubes in the form of slime and scales reduces the heat transfer of the condenser tubes and thereby reducing the energy efficiency of the chiller.
7. Cooling Towers: Ensure that the cooling towers are clean to allow for maximum heat transfer so that the temperature of the water returning to the condenser is less than or equal to the ambient temperature.
8. Air Handling Unit Fan Speed: Install devices such as frequency converters to vary the fan speed. This will reduce the energy consumption of the fan motor by as much as 15%.
9. Air Filter Condition: Maintain the filter in a clean condition. This will improve the heat transfer between air and chilled water and correspondingly reduce the energy consumption.
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